Browser Asset Browser Spreadsheet Preferences Scenes & Objects Scenes Objects Collections View Layers Modeling Introduction Meshes Curves Curves (New) Surfaces Metaball Text Volumes Empties Modifiers Introduction EEVEE Cycles Workbench Cameras Lights Materials Shader Nodes Color Management Freestyle Layers & Passes Render Output Compositing Introduction Sidebar GPU Compositor Node Types Motion Tracking (and customizable with Python scripts). It has a high-quality 3D architecture, enabling fast and efficient creation workflow. It boasts active community support. See blender.org/community for an extensive

have a plated hole. The hole exists on every layer, and the copper pad exists on multiple layers (see Copper layers setting below). Edge Connector pads are SMD pads that are allowed to overlap the board to a technical layer, for example a paste or solder mask aperture. The Copper layers setting controls which copper layers will have a shape associated with the pad. For SMD pads, the options are F.Cu remove the pad shape from copper layers where the pad is not electrically connected to other copper (tracks or filled zones). Setting the copper layers to connected layers only will remove the pad shape

display order for board layers is dynamic and depends on which layer is selected as the active layer. The active layer is always drawn on top of other layers. In addition, layers that are related to the the active layer are drawn on top of layers that are unrelated. For example, if you make B.Silkscreen the active layer, then all of the other back layers (B.Cu, B.Adhesive, B.Paste, B.Mask, B.Fab, and top of the front, user, and inner copper layers, with B.Silkscreen topmost. If you make Edge.Cuts active, then it will be drawn on top, and the User.* layers and Margin will also be be brought to the

board design. They may be added on any drawing layer, but are normally added to one of the User layers. KiCad currently supports five different types of dimension: aligned, orthogonal, center, radial Shift W PgUp PgDn + - V < V 38 You can place a via and end the current trace, without changing layers, by pressing and then double- clicking or -clicking to place the via. 过孔的尺寸将从激活的过孔尺寸设置中获取，可通过顶部工具栏的下拉列表或增加过孔尺寸 single trace at a time. The router will only use the current layer; it will not use vias or change layers. While routing, press the key to have the router attempt to automatically finish the current trace

读取渲染层 Ctrl-R Reads all the current scene's render layers from cache, as needed. This can be used to save RAM while rendering because the render layers do not have to be saved in RAM. And also for recovering Cache Result must be enabled. ⾯板: 侧栏 节点 参考 Sidebar ‣ Node Node tab with a compositing Render Layers node selected. 节点 名称 该节点树内的唯⼀节点标识符。 标签 可以通过修改⽂本字段为节点赋予标题。 颜⾊ By default, the nodes background Annotation Layer A pop-over menu, showing the name of the current layer, to access the Annotation Layers. 放置 Determines where the annotations are drawn. Draw annotations on an imaginary plane that goes

读取渲染层 Ctrl-R Reads all the current scene's render layers from cache, as needed. This can be used to save RAM while rendering because the render layers do not have to be saved in RAM. And also for recovering render. For this to work, Cache Result must be enabled. ⾯板: Node tab with a compositing Render Layers node selected. 侧栏 节点 参考 Sidebar ‣ Node 节点 名称 该节点树内的唯⼀节点标识符。 标签 可以通过修改⽂本字段为节点赋予标题。 颜⾊ By Annotation Layer A pop-over menu, showing the name of the current layer, to access the Annotation Layers. 放置 Determines where the annotations are drawn. Draw annotations on an imaginary plane that goes

读取渲染层 Ctrl-R Reads all the current scene's render layers from cache, as needed. This can be used to save RAM while rendering because the render layers do not have to be saved in RAM. And also for recovering render. For this to work, Cache Result must be enabled. ⾯板: Node tab with a compositing Render Layers node selected. 侧栏 节点 参考 Sidebar ‣ Node 节点 名称 该节点树内的唯⼀节点标识符。 标签 可以通过修改⽂本字段为节点赋予标题。 颜⾊ By Annotation Layer A pop-over menu, showing the name of the current layer, to access the Annotation Layers. 放置 Determines where the annotations are drawn. Draw annotations on an imaginary plane that goes

Conv3-64 Max-Pool Max-Pool FC-512 Output ConvNet Configuration Stacked layers Previous input x F(x) y=F(x) Stacked layers Previous input x F(x) y=F(x)+x x identity + 15 2.深度残差网络 ResNets使用了许多same卷积 Learning) 是把已学训练好的模型参数用作新训练模型的起 始参数。迁移学习是深度学习中非常重要和常用的⼀个策略。 4.卷积神经网络使用技巧 29 迁移学习步骤 1.使用预训练的模型 net = models.resnet18(pretrained=True) 2.冻结模型权重 for param in net.parameters(): #遍历每个模型参数 param.requires_grad DenseNet：Densely Connected Convolutional Networks (Gao Huang et al., 2017) • MobileNet ： MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications (Andrew G. Howard et al., 2017) •

好地匹配?这可以用来描述 实体及其关系，例如“罗马”− “意大利”+ “法国”= “巴黎”。 • 因果关系（causality）和概率图模型（probabilistic graphical models）问题：我们能否描述观察到的 许多数据的根本原因？例如，如果我们有关于房价、污染、犯罪、地理位置、教育和工资的人口统计数 据，我们能否简单地根据经验数据发现它们之间的关系？ • 生成对抗性网络（generative 的神经元网络的计算电路。随着时间的推移， 对生物学的解释变得不再肤浅，但这个名字仍然存在。其核心是当今大多数网络中都可以找到的几个关键原 则： • 线性和非线性处理单元的交替，通常称为层（layers）； • 使用链式规则（也称为反向传播（backpropagation））一次性调整网络中的全部参数。 经过最初的快速发展，神经网络的研究从1995年左右开始停滞不前，直到2005年才稍有起色。这主要是因为 工具，而MNIST数据集的60000个手写数字的数据集被认为是巨大的。考虑到数据和计算的稀缺性，核方法 （kernel method）、决策树（decision tree）和图模型（graph models）等强大的统计工具（在经验上）证明 是更为优越的。与神经网络不同的是，这些算法不需要数周的训练，而且有很强的理论依据，可以提供可预 测的结果。 1.5 深度学习的发展 大约2010年开始

读取渲染层 Ctrl-R Reads all the current scene's render layers from cache, as needed. This can be used to save RAM while rendering because the render layers do not have to be saved in RAM. And also for recovering 从⽂件加载图像。 打开缓存渲染⽂件 Load the current scene's render layers from disk cache, if available. This can be used to save RAM while rendering because the render layers do not have to be saved in RAM. And also for recovering resize the displayed normals as necessary. Instanced Vertices as a Modeling Tool Very interesting models can be made using Instancing Vertices and a standard primitive. In this example, a simple tentacle