Haskell 2010 Language Report Simon Marlow (editor) Copyright notice. The authors and publisher intend this Report to belong to the entire Haskell community, and grant permission to copy and distribute language Haskell 2010. Contents I The Haskell 2010 Language 1 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Program Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2 The Haskell Kernel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 6 Predefined Types and Classes 73 6.1 Standard Haskell Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 6.1.1 Booleans

奐 奁奔 奈 中。 如果 奉 奤 奲 奩 女 可执行文件 无法找到，请将 ~/.cabal/bin 添加到 $PATH 环境变量中。奍 奡奣 奏 奓 奘 用户则需要添加 ~/Library/ Haskell/bin，套 奩 奮 奤 奯奷 女 用户通常会发现 奃 奡奢 奡奬 将程序安装在 %HOME%\AppData\Roaming\cabal\bin 中。 为了检查安装是否成功，你需要编写第一个程序。请创建一个名为 奩 奡奬 奩 女 奥 奡 奷 奯奲 奤 奬 奩 女 奴 奡女 奦 奯奬 奬 奯奷 女 夺 words : ?wtype words = with Vect ["idris","agda","haskell","miranda", "java","javascript","fortran","basic", "coffeescript","rust"] wtype = proof search

code that uses them, and it was good I completely understand a) functors b) monads c) applicative Haskell informs all my API designs 6.6OR MAYBE THIS…? OR MAYBE THIS…? Well, I thought I knew about monads Functor{f(unwrap(a))}; } 9fmap fmap IN HASKELL IN HASKELL For this reason I will be using haskell type signatures to explain applicative. For this reason I will be using haskell type signatures to explain applicative operator. when used as an in�x operator. fmap :: (a -> b) -> f a -> f b 10HOW TO READ HASKELL SIGNATURES HOW TO READ HASKELL SIGNATURES 11REVIEW: (?) MONADS REVIEW: (?) MONADS A monad is A monad is also

GHC: https://www.haskell.org/ghc/ cabal-install: https://www.haskell.org/cabal/ Alex: https://www.haskell.org/alex/ Happy: https://www.haskell.org/happy/ cpphs: https://hackage.haskell.org/package/cpphs are several ways to install Agda: Using a released source package from Hackage [https://hackage.haskell.org/package/Agda] Using a binary package prepared for your platform Using the development version from Hackage You can install the latest released version of Agda from Hackage [https://hackage.haskell.org/package/Agda]. Install the prerequisites and then run the following commands: cabal update cabal

GHC: https://www.haskell.org/ghc/ cabal-install: https://www.haskell.org/cabal/ Alex: https://www.haskell.org/alex/ Happy: https://www.haskell.org/happy/ cpphs: https://hackage.haskell.org/package/cpphs are several ways to install Agda: Using a released source package from Hackage [https://hackage.haskell.org/package/Agda] Using a binary package prepared for your platform Using the development version from Hackage You can install the latest released version of Agda from Hackage [https://hackage.haskell.org/package/Agda]. Install the prerequisites and then run the following commands: cabal update cabal

following programs: GHC: https://www.haskell.org/ghc/ cabal-install: https://www.haskell.org/cabal/ Alex: https://www.haskell.org/alex/ Happy: https://www.haskell.org/happy/ GNU Emacs: http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/ are several ways to install Agda: Using a released source package from Hackage [https://hackage.haskell.org/package/Agda] Using a binary package prepared for your platform Using the development version from Hackage You can install the latest released version of Agda from Hackage [https://hackage.haskell.org/package/Agda]. Install the prerequisites and then run the following commands: cabal update cabal

exceptions or loop forever. And it is very difficult to analyze where the problems are. Haskell [https://www.haskell.org/] or ML [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ML_%28programming_language%29] and its derivatives are several ways to install Agda: Using a released source package from Hackage [https://hackage.haskell.org/package/Agda] Using a binary package prepared for your platform Using the development version https://www.haskell.org/ghc/ Agda has been tested with GHC 8.0.2, 8.2.2, 8.4.4, 8.6.5, 8.8.4, 8.10.7, 9.0.2 and 9.2.2. cabal-install: https://www.haskell.org/cabal/ Alex: https://www.haskell.org/alex/

exceptions or loop forever. And it is very difficult to analyze where the problems are. Haskell [https://www.haskell.org/] or ML [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ML_%28programming_language%29] and its derivatives are several ways to install Agda: Using a released source package from Hackage [https://hackage.haskell.org/package/Agda] Using a binary package prepared for your platform Using the development version https://www.haskell.org/ghc/ Agda has been tested with GHC 8.0.2, 8.2.2, 8.4.4, 8.6.5, 8.8.4, 8.10.7, 9.0.1 and 9.2.1. cabal-install: https://www.haskell.org/cabal/ Alex: https://www.haskell.org/alex/

exceptions or loop forever. And it is very difficult to analyze where the problems are. Haskell [https://www.haskell.org/] or ML [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ML_%28programming_language%29] and its derivatives are several ways to install Agda: Using a released source package from Hackage [https://hackage.haskell.org/package/Agda] Using a binary package prepared for your platform Using the development version GHC: https://www.haskell.org/ghc/ Agda has been tested with GHC 8.0.2, 8.2.2, 8.4.4, 8.6.5, 8.8.4, 8.10.5 and 9.0.1. cabal-install: https://www.haskell.org/cabal/ Alex: https://www.haskell.org/alex/ Happy:

Parametrized datatypes Indexed datatypes Strict positivity Foreign Function Interface Compiler Pragmas Haskell FFI JavaScript FFI Function Definitions Introduction General form Special patterns Case trees different concepts. The most prominent is natural numbers, which has a special representation as Haskell integers and support for fast arithmetic. The surface syntax of these concepts are not fixed, however but it can be overloaded to include other types as well. Closed natural numbers are represented as Haskell integers at compile-time. The compiler backends compile natural numbers to the appropriate number