Being Friendly to Your Hardware Performance Engineering A gentle introduction to hardware for software engineers 2Where does C++ run? 3On an abstract C++ machine 4On an abstract C++ machine? 5C++ runs on a computer platform 6Computer platform 7 Processor Memory IO InterconnectComputer platform Processor + Interconnect + Memory 8Computer platform Processor + Interconnect + Memory 9Computer platform Processor + Interconnect + Memory 10Computer platform Processor + Interconnect + Memory 11Computer platform Processor + Interconnect + Memory 12Computer platform Processor

CROSS-PLATFORM PITFALLS AND HOW TO AVOID THEM Erika Sweet (she/her) Microsoft C++ TeamWelcome to CppCon 2020! Visit our table at the Expo Hall https://aka.ms/cppcon/expo • Meet the Microsoft C++ Abdicating responsibility to CMake Reimplementing functionality that CMake has built-in to abstract platform and compiler specificsUse built-in CMake command line tools…. execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} rget PUBLIC cxx_std_11) …instead of manually setting flags via CMAKE_CXX_FLAGSKeep your paths platform independent…. target_include_directories(myTarget PUBLIC $

of) 2 3Why FP Determinism is Important?_ CppCon 2024 sixit:: 5 ✅ Same Executable Cross Platform Different Contexts ❌ ❌ 1 (Sort of) 2 3 General Sanity, Testability Distributed Simulations using the identically compiled files and run on systems that adhere to the IEEE standards. Cross platform synchronized network simulations or replays will not possible [sic].” - Most upvoted answer on

career in video games and embedded software • Started using C++ in 1995 • First cross-platform project in 1994Cross-Platform Architecture Goals • Take advantage of all platforms • Focus on the compiler • Minimize classes, an illustrative example from a larger project • Project build issues • Inclusion of platform-specific header files • Concept hierarchies • Class and Function DesignOCP: The Open–Closed Principle Adding new revisions to a feature has no effect on previously-implemented revisions.What is a Platform? • A specific set of features • A feature is an abstract unit of functionality requiring implementations

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is a solved one: translating programming languages into a form that is executable on a target platform. (read)Strictly speaking, JiT compilation systems are completely unnecessary. They are only a is a solved one: translating programming languages into a form that is executable on a target platform. (read)Strictly speaking, JiT compilation systems are completely unnecessary. They are only a is a solved one: translating programming languages into a form that is executable on a target platform. Time and space efficiency are where it’s at. How do these benefits break down?JiT Space-time

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 7 Host-Guest Communication Manager 351 7.1 Virtual hardware implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 7.2 Protocol specification Perl and others) Con: Usable from languages where COM bridge available (most languages on Windows platform, Python and C++ on other hosts) Pro: Client can be on remote machine Con: Client must be on the binary package for your specific platform. Since the SDK contains only platform-independent text files and documentation, the binaries are instead shipped with the platform-specific packages. For this reason

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 7 Host-Guest Communication Manager 351 7.1 Virtual hardware implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 7.2 Protocol specification Perl and others) Con: Usable from languages where COM bridge available (most languages on Windows platform, Python and C++ on other hosts) Pro: Client can be on remote machine Con: Client must be on the binary package for your specific platform. Since the SDK contains only platform-independent text files and documentation, the binaries are instead shipped with the platform-specific packages. For this reason

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 7 Host-Guest Communication Manager 285 7.1 Virtual hardware implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 7.2 Protocol specification Perl and others) Con: Usable from languages where COM bridge available (most languages on Windows platform, Python and C++ on other hosts) Pro: Client can be on remote machine Con: Client must be on the binary package for your specific platform. Since the SDK contains only platform-independent text files and documentation, the binaries are instead shipped with the platform-specific packages. For this reason

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 19 Contents 7 Host-Guest Communication Manager 391 7.1 Virtual hardware implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 7.2 Protocol specification Perl and others) Con: Usable from languages where COM bridge available (most languages on Windows platform, Python and C++ on other hosts) Pro: Client can be on remote machine Con: Client must be on the binary package for your specific platform. Since the SDK contains only platform-independent text files and documentation, the binaries are instead shipped with the platform-specific packages. For this reason