Polymorphism Early and Late Binding Virtuality override final Template method Destructor Interfaces Liskov substitution principle Inheritance (interface versus implemenation) Covariant return Polymorphism Early and Late Binding Virtuality override final Template method Destructor Interfaces Liskov substitution principle Inheritance (interface versus implemenation) Covariant return Polymorphism Early and Late Binding Virtuality override final Template method Destructor Interfaces Liskov substitution principle Inheritance (interface versus implemenation) Covariant return

⊡ Network Problems ⊡ External Interfaces ⊡ Simulators ⊡ Logs ⊡ Monitoring⊡ Operating Systems ⊡ Threads ⊡ Layer Separation ⊡ Network Problems ⊡ External Interfaces ⊡ Simulators ⊡ Logs ⊡ Monitoring❖ operating system* *not impossible but challengingHow complicated our software is going to be?The more interfaces and processes we have, we would like to have an operating system How complicated our software Engine Dashboard Cellular modem unit CAN bus UART- Logs UART UART - Control 1 2 4 3 4 interfaces complicatedWhat level of time precision does the system require?What level of time precision

about varying the output size/type based on the input? A USB con�guration descriptor can have many interfaces, and each interface can have many endpoints Compressed string data depends on the content of the sized interfaces 11 . 1/ Configuration Descriptor Tells the host about interfaces and endpoints Interfaces make "functionality" Endpoints are data transfers addresses Variable number of interfaces Each bool remoteWakeup, std::uint8_t maxPower_2mAUnits, Interface... interfaces ) { /* ... */ } }; 11 . 5/ template class Interface {

8.6Au: Interfaces and Idioms 9Au: Interfaces and Idioms 9.1Au: Interfaces and Idioms 9.2Au: Interfaces and Idioms 9.3Au: Interfaces and Idioms 9.4Au: Interfaces and Idioms 9.5Au: Interfaces and Idioms Idioms 9.6Au: Interfaces and Idioms 9.7Au: learning more 10Au: learning more https://aurora-opensource.github.io/au/main/tutorial/ 10.1Au: learning more https://aurora-opensource.github.io/au/main/tutorial/ opaque unit types unit-safe interfaces vec. space magnitudesFeature inspirations mp-units nholthaus Directly Shared Inspired single file opaque unit types unit-safe interfaces vec. space magnitudes

MPS_PER_KMPH); } CppCon 2024: Improving our safety with a quantities and units library Strong interfaces with mp-units NO UNITS LIBRARY 32double time_to_goal_s(double distance_m, distance / speed; } CppCon 2024: Improving our safety with a quantities and units library Strong interfaces with mp-units NO UNITS LIBRARY MP-UNITS 32double time_to_goal_s(double distance_m, , speed_kmph)); CppCon 2024: Improving our safety with a quantities and units library Strong interfaces with mp-units NO UNITS LIBRARY MP-UNITS 32double time_to_goal_s(double distance_m,

mappings) The compiler needs to locate and load the binary module interface (BMI) 👇:Binary module interfaces export module fmt; export namespace fmt { … } fmt.cc fmt.o Module interface unit Other file Adopt sources in our project No packaging BMI + binary library (shared or static) Module interfaces + binary library (shared or static) Module onlyNo “packaging” - build external sources in our No package (include sources) No packaging BMI + binary library (shared or static) Module interfaces + binary library (shared or static) Module onlyPackaging the BMIs ● BMIs are not compatible

s.scale( 2.0 ); } std::println( std::cout, "s.getValue() = {}", s.getValue() ); ✅Static Interfaces with CRTP 41 template< typename Derived > class Animal { private: // ... Private default sheep; Animal& animal = sheep; sheep.make_sound(); animal.make_sound(); }Static Interfaces with C++23 42 class Animal { public: template< typename Self > void make_sound( this www.oreilly.com I failed to provide these two terms.The Two Forms of CRTP 47 CRTP for Static Interfaces … • … provides a base class for a related set/family of types; • … defines a common interface;

implementations are often provided through function interfaces. 7Key Observation #1: Black boxing high performance implementations through function interfaces is a powerful tool. 8#include #include &C(m_count,n_count),LDC); } High performance implementations are often provided through function interfaces. 9#include #include #include "benchmark.h" #include "matrix_lib.h" int main( &C(m_count,n_count),LDC); } High performance implementations are often provided through function interfaces. 9A Simple Computation 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a simple GER, our user can directly use

direct instantiation of a specific object. 2. Structural ○ Focus on using inheritance to compose interfaces and define objects in a way to create new functionality. 3. Behavioral ○ Focuses on how to communicate direct instantiation of a specific object. 2. Structural ○ Focus on using inheritance to compose interfaces and define objects in a way to create new functionality. 3. Behavioral ○ Focuses on how to communicate direct instantiation of a specific object. 2. Structural ○ Focus on using inheritance to compose interfaces and define objects in a way to create new functionality. 3. Behavioral ○ Focuses on how to communicate

• Overall design • Flats and access types • System structure • Parts of an implementation • Interfaces • Messages • Vectors and strings • Error handling • Observations • C++ is quite good at this yours“Everybody does something like this” • But • Different transport mechanisms/libraries have different interfaces • Google protocol buffers, Flatbuffers, SBE, JSON, XML, and many, many more • The transport interface Generate “ideal” interfaces and implementations • Have a tools infrastructure based on generation • Here, I’ll concentrate on C++ • We can also generate Java and Python • Interfaces must be “culturally