• Gets next block of (partial) instructions • Linear fetch • Incoming branch • Instruction alignment • Instruction fusing ## Branch prediction Branching Fetch • Governs fetching of next instruction characteristics  • Alignment: source and destination • Size • Direction • Linearity ## Example – memcpy: scalar naive void

convention 17 1.2.8 $CHECKPOINTER : Check pointer values 17 1.2.9 $CODEALIGN : Set the code alignment 18 1.2.10 $COPERATORS : Allow C like operators 18 1.2.11 $DEFINE or $DEFINEC : Define a symbol . 34 1.2.59 $PACKENUM or $Z : Minimum enumeration type size ..... 36 1.2.60 $PACKRECORDS : Alignment of record elements ..... 36 1.2.61 $PACKSET : Specify set size ..... 37 1.2.62 $POP : Restore 680x0 standard routine prolog / epilog ..... 88 6.7 Parameter passing ..... 88 6.7.1 Parameter alignment ..... 89 6.8 Stack limitations ..... 89 7 Linking issues ..... 90 7.1 Using external code

pointers...0K Test 7/8 pointer casting...0K Test 8/8 pointer child type...0K ## Alignment Each type has an alignment – a number of bytes such that, when a value of the type is loaded from or stored to type. Alignment depends on the CPU architecture, but is always a power of two, and less than 1 << 29. In Zig, a pointer type has an alignment value. If the value is equal to the alignment of the @import("std").debug.assert; const builtin = @import("builtin"); test "variable alignment" { var x: i32 = 1234; const align_of_i32 = @alignOf(@typeOf(x)); assert(@typeOf(&x)

ost/lib/zig/std/array_list.zig:457:67: const new_memory = try self. allocator. alignedAlloc(T, alignment, new_ca); /home/ci/actions-runner/_work/zig-bootstrap/out/host/lib/zig/std/array_list.zig:434:51: 2/2 test_pointer_casting.test.pointer child type... OK All 2 tests passed. ## Alignment Each type has an alignment - a number of bytes such that, when a value of the type is loaded from or stored to type. Alignment depends on the CPU architecture, but is always a power of two, and less than 1 << 29. In Zig, a pointer type has an alignment value. If the value is equal to the alignment of the

7/8 pointer casting...0K Test 8/8 pointer child type...0K All tests passed. ## Alignment Each type has an alignment – a number of bytes such that, when a value of the type is loaded from or stored to type. Alignment depends on the CPU architecture, but is always a power of two, and less than 1 << 29. In Zig, a pointer type has an alignment value. If the value is equal to the alignment of the @import("std").debug.assert; const builtin = @import("builtin"); test "variable alignment" { var x: i32 = 1234; const align_of_i32 = @alignOf(@typeOf(x)); assert(@typeOf(&x)

Operators - Precedence - Arrays - Vectors - SIMD - Pointers - volatile - Alignment - allowzero - Slices - struct - extern struct - packed struct - struct Naming - Invalid Error Code - Invalid Enum Cast - Invalid Error Set Cast - Incorrect Pointer Alignment - Wrong Union Field Access - Out of Bounds Float to Integer Cast - Pointer Cast Invalid Test 1/2 pointer casting...OK Test 2/2 pointer child type...OK All tests passed. ## Alignment Each type has an alignment - a number of bytes such that, when a value of the type is loaded from or stored to

/host/lib/zig/std/array_list.zig:403:67: const new_memory = try self.allocator.alignedAlloc(T, alignment, new_ca /home/ci/actions-runner/_work/zig-bootstrap/out/host/lib/zig/std/array_list.zig:379:51: pointer casting... OK 2/2 test.pointer child type... OK All 2 tests passed. #### 13.2. Alignment Each type has an alignment - a number of bytes such that, when a value of the type is loaded from or stored to type. Alignment depends on the CPU architecture, but is always a power of two, and less than 1 << 29. In Zig, a pointer type has an alignment value. If the value is equal to the alignment of the

pointers...OK Test 7/8 pointer casting...OK Test 8/8 pointer child type...OK ## Alignment Each type has an alignment – a number of bytes such that, when a value of the type is loaded from or stored to type. Alignment depends on the CPU architecture, but is always a power of two, and less than 1 << 29. In Zig, a pointer type has an alignment value. If the value is equal to the alignment of the @import("std").debug.assert; const builtin = @import("builtin"); test "variable alignment" { var x: i32 = 1234; const align_of_i32 = @alignOf(@typeOf(x)); assert(@typeOf(&x)

Precedence - Arrays - Multidimensional Arrays - Vectors - SIMD - Pointers - volatile - Alignment - allowzero - Slices - struct - Default Field Values - extern struct - packed Invalid Error Code Invalid Enum Cast Invalid Error Set Cast Incorrect Pointer Alignment Wrong Union Field Access Out of Bounds Float to Integer Cast Pointer Cast Invalid casting"...OK 2/2 test "pointer child type"...OK All tests passed. ## Alignment Each type has an alignment - a number of bytes such that, when a value of the type is loaded from or stored to

casting"... OK 3 2/2 test "pointer child type"... OK 4 All 2 tests passed. ## Alignment Each type has an alignment - a number of bytes such that, when a value of the type is loaded from or stored to type. Alignment depends on the CPU architecture, but is always a power of two, and less than 1 << 29. In Zig, a pointer type has an alignment value. If the value is equal to the alignment of the from the type: variable_alignment.zig const std = @import("std"); const builtin = @import("builtin"); const expect = std.testing.expect; test "variable alignment" { var x: i32