Application object is responsible for global configuration, including the routing table that maps requests to handlers. The routing table is a list of URLSpec objects (or tuples), each of which contains above, these methods will be called with arguments corresponding to the capturing groups of the routing rule that matched. Within a handler, call methods such as RequestHandler.render or RequestHandler SEO-friendly manner. RedirectHandler lets you configure redirects directly in your Application routing table. For example, to configure a single static redirect: app = tornado.web.Application([ url(r"/app"

RequestHandler and Application classes tornado.template — Flexible output generation tornado.routing — Basic routing implementation tornado.escape — Escaping and string manipulation tornado.locale — Internationalization Application object is responsible for global configuration, including the routing table that maps requests to handlers. The routing table is a list of URLSpec objects (or tuples), each of which contains above, these methods will be called with arguments corresponding to the capturing groups of the routing rule that matched.Within a handler, call methods such as RequestHandler.render or RequestHandler

在一个集中点对外部访问进行控制） • Service discovery • Load balancing • Time out • Retries • Circuit breaker • Routing • Auth • Telemetry collecting 外部流量出口 外部流量入口 Pilot 2 Istio 流量管理 – 控制面 两类数据： q 服务数据（Mesh 中有哪些服务？缺省路由） } ] } ], } Envoy Filter AwesomeRPC Filter • Decoding/encoding • Parsing header • Routing • Load balancing • Circuit breaker • Fault injection • Telemetry collecting Reviews v1 Reviews v2 代码中维护众多七层协议的代价较大 12 Istio 协议扩展：常见七层协议的路由 Protocol Destination service Parameters could be used for routing HTTP 1.1 host host, path，method headers HTTP 2 pseudo header: authority pseudo header: authority

本质是一个负载均衡器 • ClusterIP提供集群内的访问 • NodePort 提供集群外部的访问 iptables mode • 在netfilter pre-routing阶段做DNAT • 在netfilter post-routing阶段做SNAT • 每个service 添加一条或多条rules。使用数组管理rules。 • 仅支持随机的调度算法 • kube-proxy代码实现比较简单 IPVS 对conntrack的功能依赖 • Iptables SNAT • 具体如何绕过conntrack？ • 进报文 • 将处理请求的钩子从nf local-in 前移到nf pre-routing • skb的路由指针是NULL • 处理分片 • 出报文 • 本来的逻辑： • Nf local out -> ip_output -> NF postrouting -> ip_finish_output 为请求1分配了lport=cport • 很快Iptables SNAT 为请求2分配了同样的lport • Conntrack Post routing 函数中，将请求1的lport插入conntrack，成功！ • Conntrack Post routing 函数中，将请求2的lport插入conntrack，失败，丢包，导致延迟。 • 解决方法 • eBPF代码在分配lport和插入ha

Virtual hosting Advanced traffic routing Fault injection Other benifits brought by Istio API Gateway Load balancing SSL termination Virtual hosting Traffic routing API lifecycle management API access

production environment, and demonstrates the key integration benefits through the scenario of query routing. If you are interested in learning more about TiDB and ProxySQL, you can find some useful links by changing the admin_credentials variable. 4.14.3.6 Typical scenario This section takes query routing as an example to show some of the benefits that you can leverage by integrating ProxySQL with TiDB need to manually create a merged table in the downstream. For �→ details, see the following table routing setting. # extract-table: # Extracts and writes �→ the table name suffix without the sale_ part

production environment, and demonstrates the key integration benefits through the scenario of query routing. If you are interested in learning more about TiDB and ProxySQL, you can find some useful links by changing the admin_credentials variable. 4.13.3.6 Typical scenario This section takes query routing as an example to show some of the benefits that you can leverage by integrating ProxySQL with TiDB need to manually create a merged table in the downstream. For �→ details, see the following table routing setting. # extract-table: # Extracts and writes �→ the table name suffix without the sale_ part

production environment, and demonstrates the key integration benefits through the scenario of query routing. If you are interested in learning more about TiDB and ProxySQL, you can find some useful links by changing the admin_credentials variable. 4.13.3.6 Typical scenario This section takes query routing as an example to show some of the benefits that you can leverage by integrating ProxySQL with TiDB need to manually create a merged table in the downstream. For �→ details, see the following table routing setting. # extract-table: # Extracts and writes �→ the table name suffix without the sale_ part

production environment, and demonstrates the key integration benefits through the scenario of query routing. If you are interested in learning more about TiDB and ProxySQL, you can find some useful links by changing the admin_credentials variable. 4.14.3.6 Typical scenario This section takes query routing as an example to show some of the benefits that you can leverage by integrating ProxySQL with TiDB need to manually create a merged table in the downstream. For �→ details, see the following table routing setting. # extract-table: # Extracts and writes �→ the table name suffix without the sale_ part

production environment, and demonstrates the key integration benefits through the scenario of query routing. If you are interested in learning more about TiDB and ProxySQL, you can find some useful links by changing the admin_credentials variable. 4.13.3.6 Typical scenario This section takes query routing as an example to show some of the benefits that you can leverage by integrating ProxySQL with TiDB need to manually create a merged table in the downstream. For �→ details, see the following table routing setting. # extract-table: # Extracts and writes �→ the table name suffix without the sale_ part