Being Friendly to Your Hardware Performance Engineering A gentle introduction to hardware for software engineers 2Where does C++ run? 3On an abstract C++ machine 4On an abstract C++ machine? specialty instructions, on-core and off- core accelerators • Data layout: both software and hardware characteristics 84 src dst • Alignment: source and destination • Size • Direction • LinearityExample

. . . . . . . . . 1412 40 SunOS Specific Services 1413 40.1 sunaudiodev —Access to Sun audio hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1413 40.2 SUNAUDIODEV —Constants used with Reference, 发布 2.7.18 window.idcok(flag) If flag is False, curses no longer considers using the hardware insert/delete character feature of the terminal; if flag is True, use of character insertion and is enabled by default. window.idlok(yes) If called with yes equal to 1, curses will try and use hardware line editing facilities. Otherwise, line inser- tion/deletion are disabled. window.immedok(flag)

. . . . . . . . . 1412 40 SunOS Specific Services 1413 40.1 sunaudiodev —Access to Sun audio hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1413 40.2 SUNAUDIODEV —Constants used with Reference, 发布 2.7.18 window.idcok(flag) If flag is False, curses no longer considers using the hardware insert/delete character feature of the terminal; if flag is True, use of character insertion and is enabled by default. window.idlok(yes) If called with yes equal to 1, curses will try and use hardware line editing facilities. Otherwise, line inser- tion/deletion are disabled. window.immedok(flag)

. . . . . . . . . 1412 40 SunOS Specific Services 1413 40.1 sunaudiodev —Access to Sun audio hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1413 40.2 SUNAUDIODEV —Constants used with Reference, 发布 2.7.18 window.idcok(flag) If flag is False, curses no longer considers using the hardware insert/delete character feature of the terminal; if flag is True, use of character insertion and is enabled by default. window.idlok(yes) If called with yes equal to 1, curses will try and use hardware line editing facilities. Otherwise, line inser- tion/deletion are disabled. window.immedok(flag)

Instruction Pointers for functions in modules view. Breakpoint Groups Visit https://aka.ms/BreakpointGroups for more details Dependent Breakpoint GroupsIn Visual Studio 2022 version 17.5, CMake Debugger Explorer for Linux Learn more at https://aka.ms/vslinuxEmbedded • On Chip Debugging with hardware breakpoint limits • Peripheral and RTOS object views • Serial monitor • Available in Visual Studio 2022

which can handle operations on numeric values that cannot be represented effectively in native hardware representations, but at the cost of relatively slower performance. The following are Julia's primitive floating-point numbers are also supported (Float16) on all platforms, with native instructions used on hardware which supports this number format. Otherwise, operations are implemented in software, and use Float32 to launch additional workers on the same host, thereby leveraging multi-core and multi-processor hardware. Thus, a minimal cluster manager would need to: • be a subtype of the abstract ClusterManager

which can handle operations on numeric values that cannot be represented effectively in native hardware representations, but at the cost of relatively slower performance. The following are Julia's primitive to launch additional workers on the same host, thereby leveraging multi-core and multi-processor hardware. Thus, a minimal cluster manager would need to: • be a subtype of the abstract ClusterManager optimization that is applied by the compiler as well as the resulting speedup depend very much on the hardware. You can examine the change in generated code by using Julia's code_native function. Note that

which can handle operations on numeric values that cannot be represented effectively in native hardware representations, but at the cost of relatively slower performance. The following are Julia's primitive perform modular arithmetic, mirroring the char- acteristics of integer arithmetic on modern computer hardware. In scenarios where overflow is a possibility, it is crucial to explicitly check for wraparound floating-point numbers are also supported (Float16) on all platforms, with native instructions used on hardware which supports this number format. Otherwise, operations are implemented in software, and use Float32

which can handle operations on numeric values that cannot be represented effectively in native hardware representations, but at the cost of relatively slower performance. The following are Julia's primitive perform modular arithmetic, mirroring the char- acteristics of integer arithmetic on modern computer hardware. In scenarios where overflow is a possibility, it is crucial to explicitly check for wraparound floating-point numbers are also supported (Float16) on all platforms, with native instructions used on hardware which supports this number format. Otherwise, operations are implemented in software, and use Float32

which can handle operations on numeric values that cannot be represented effectively in native hardware representations, but at the cost of relatively slower performance. The following are Julia's primitive perform modular arithmetic, mirroring the char- acteristics of integer arithmetic on modern computer hardware. In scenarios where overflow is a possibility, it is crucial to explicitly check for wraparound to launch additional workers on the same host, thereby leveraging multi-core and multi-processor hardware. Thus, a minimal cluster manager would need to: • be a subtype of the abstract ClusterManager