8. Data Buffers and Codecs Java NIO provides ByteBuffer but many libraries build their own byte buffer API on top, especially for network operations where reusing buffers and/or using direct buffers abstractions to work with various byte buffer APIs as follows: • DataBufferFactory abstracts the creation of a data buffer. • DataBuffer represents a byte buffer, which may be pooled. • DataBufferUtils decode or encode data buffer streams into higher level objects. 8.1. DataBufferFactory DataBufferFactory is used to create data buffers in one of two ways: 1. Allocate a new data buffer, optionally specifying

establish the mechanism and a boundary. If a publisher cannot slow down, it has to decide whether to buffer, drop, or fail. 1.1.2. Reactive API Reactive Streams plays an important role for interoperability Decoder can be wrapped with DecoderHttpMessageReader. • DataBuffer abstracts different byte buffer representations (e.g. Netty ByteBuf, java.nio.ByteBuffer, etc.) and is what all codecs work Decoder and HttpMessageReader implementations that buffer some or all of the input stream can be configured with a limit on the maximum number of bytes to buffer in memory. In some cases buffering occurs because

Cache Abstraction Cache vs Buffer The terms, “buffer” and “cache,” tend to be used interchangeably. Note, however, that they represent different things. Traditionally, a buffer is used as an intermediate affects performance), the buffer alleviates this by allowing entire blocks of data to move at once rather than in small chunks. The data is written and read only once from the buffer. Furthermore, the buffers multiple times in a fast fashion. You can find a further explanation of the differences between a buffer and a cache here. At its core, the cache abstraction applies caching to Java methods, thus reducing

setSizeThreshold(DataSize sizeThreshold) { this.sizeThreshold = sizeThreshold; } } To specify a buffer size of 10 megabytes, 10 and 10MB are equivalent. A size threshold of 256 bytes can be specified published under the jvm. meter name. The following JVM metrics are provided: • Various memory and buffer pool details • Statistics related to garbage collection • Threads utilization • The Number of metrics.distribution.buffer-length Give greater weight to recent samples by accumulating them in ring buffers which rotate after a configurable expiry, with a configurable buffer length. management

setSizeThreshold(DataSize sizeThreshold) { this.sizeThreshold = sizeThreshold; } } To specify a buffer size of 10 megabytes, 10 and 10MB are equivalent. A size threshold of 256 bytes can be specified published under the jvm. meter name. The following JVM metrics are provided: • Various memory and buffer pool details • Statistics related to garbage collection 360 • Thread utilization • The number metrics.distribution.buffer-length Give greater weight to recent samples by accumulating them in ring buffers which rotate after a configurable expiry, with a configurable buffer length. management

setSizeThreshold(DataSize sizeThreshold) { this.sizeThreshold = sizeThreshold; } } To specify a buffer size of 10 megabytes, 10 and 10MB are equivalent. A size threshold of 256 bytes can be specified published under the jvm. meter name. The following JVM metrics are provided: • Various memory and buffer pool details • Statistics related to garbage collection 359 • Thread utilization • The number metrics.distribution.buffer-length Give greater weight to recent samples by accumulating them in ring buffers which rotate after a configurable expiry, with a configurable buffer length. management

setSizeThreshold(DataSize sizeThreshold) { this.sizeThreshold = sizeThreshold; } } To specify a buffer size of 10 megabytes, 10 and 10MB are equivalent. A size threshold of 256 bytes can be specified published under the jvm. meter name. The following JVM metrics are provided: • Various memory and buffer pool details • Statistics related to garbage collection 360 • Thread utilization • The number metrics.distribution.buffer-length Give greater weight to recent samples by accumulating them in ring buffers which rotate after a configurable expiry, with a configurable buffer length. management

setSizeThreshold(DataSize sizeThreshold) { this.sizeThreshold = sizeThreshold; } } To specify a buffer size of 10 megabytes, 10 and 10MB are equivalent. A size threshold of 256 bytes can be specified published under the jvm. meter name. The following JVM metrics are provided: • Various memory and buffer pool details • Statistics related to garbage collection 363 • Thread utilization • The number metrics.distribution.buffer-length Give greater weight to recent samples by accumulating them in ring buffers which rotate after a configurable expiry, with a configurable buffer length. management

setSizeThreshold(DataSize sizeThreshold) { this.sizeThreshold = sizeThreshold; } } To specify a buffer size of 10 megabytes, 10 and 10MB are equivalent. A size threshold of 256 bytes can be specified published under the jvm. meter name. The following JVM metrics are provided: • Various memory and buffer pool details • Statistics related to garbage collection 358 • Thread utilization • The number metrics.distribution.buffer-length Give greater weight to recent samples by accumulating them in ring buffers which rotate after a configurable expiry, with a configurable buffer length. management

setSizeThreshold(DataSize sizeThreshold) { this.sizeThreshold = sizeThreshold; } } To specify a buffer size of 10 megabytes, 10 and 10MB are equivalent. A size threshold of 256 bytes can be specified published under the jvm. meter name. The following JVM metrics are provided: • Various memory and buffer pool details • Statistics related to garbage collection 362 • Thread utilization • The number metrics.distribution.buffer-length Give greater weight to recent samples by accumulating them in ring buffers which rotate after a configurable expiry, with a configurable buffer length. management