mergeable state: even a simple counter might differ on a combined stream vs. on separate streams Redundancy elimination Eliminate redundant operations, aka subgraph sharing B A B C D A B C D ?? applications together on a single core, one with operators B and C, the other with operators B and D. Redundancy elimination B A B C D A B C D ??? Vasiliki Kalavri | Boston University 2020 22 • Multi-tenancy selections on the same predicate • remove a dead subgraph, i.e. one that never produces output Redundancy elimination variations How can no-op or idempotent operators appear in an application? ??? Vasiliki