管理者期望 堡垒机的 4A 能⼒ 堡垒机 身份鉴别 Authentication 授权控制 Authorization 安全审计 Auditing 账号管理 Accounting 堡垒机需要具备的四个核⼼能⼒ 身份鉴别 账号管理 授权控制 安全审计 - 运维安全审计的 4A 规范 - Authentication Accounting Authorization Auditing Https API SSH Client … KMS JumpServer 提供的堡垒机必备功能 身份验证 Authentication 登录认证 LDAP / AD 认证；CAS 认证； RADIUS 认证；⽀持单点系统对接（OpenID、OAuth 认证、SAML2 认证）；SSO 对接；⽀持扫码登录（企业微信、钉钉和⻜书）；（X-Pack） MFA 认证 OTP 认证； RADIUS 传统堡垒机⽅案 维护成本过⾼ 客户挑战 实现模式 JumpServer 堡垒机 X-Pack 增强包 组织 A ⽤户 组织 B ⽤户 组织 C ⽤户 管理员 身份验证 Authentication 账号管理 Accounting 授权控制 Authorization 安全审计 Auditing 组织管理 多云资产纳管 ⾃动同步 连续使⽤ 私 有 云 公 有 云 虚

consistent end to end workflows across your entire organization. Not only are your continuous integration and continuous deployment pipelines all driven by pull request, but your operations tasks are how your application will run in your cluster. When you push that code to Git, the continuous integration tool kicks off unit tests that eventually build the Docker image that gets pushed to the container of talking directly to the cluster API. A TYPICAL SOFTWARE DELIVERY PIPELINE CONTINUOUS INTEGRATION CONTINUOUS DEPLOYMENT Write Code VCS Code Base Unit Tests Integ Tests Container Registry DEPLOY

recorded a podcast [1] to talk about tools in the Kubernetes space. Specifically, continuous integration (CI) and continuous delivery (CD) tooling. My mindset at the time was, “We can do better.” We something you can buy off the shelf? Or is it just a fancy new term for DevOps [1.1], or continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) [1.2]? As a matter of fact, GitOps unifies a collection of different mating stages of application development. The main concepts attributed to CI/CD are continuous integration, continuous delivery, and continuous deployment. If GitOps is just an extension of DevOps, then

where managing infrastructure as code is crucial. Essential elements of GitOps include continuous integration / continuous delivery (CI/CD), choosing between pull- or push-based architecture, and observability information like API keys and strong passwords, infrastructure access control, multi-factor authentication (MFA), and continuous monitoring and observability. It is crucial to regularly review and

（3）在【创建角色】向导的【选择权限】页面中，勾选授权的功能操作权限，然后点 击【保存】按钮保存。操作权限列出了各个模块下的功能。 4.3.4 配置 MFA Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) 是一种简单有效的最佳安全实践方法，它能够 在用户名和密码之外再额外增加一层安全保护。 启用 MFA 后，用户登录云管网站时，系统将要求输入用户名和密码（第一安全要素）， 第一步，创建一个新的认证流程。通常可以通过复制来快速创建。 操作步骤如下。 （1）以管理员账号登录 kecloak 后，在左侧菜单中选择【Configure】下 【Authentication】打开【Authentication】页面，如图 4-36 所示，选择【Copy】按钮 复制内置的 Browser 流程，打开【Copy Authencation Flow】对话框，如图 4-37 所示。 （1）在【Browser with Radius】认证流程的操作选项中选择【Add Execution】打 开【Create Authentication Execution】页面，如图 4-40 所示。 杭州飞致云信息科技有限公司 88 （2）在【Create Authentication Execution】页面【Flows】选项卡中，选择 Provider， 选择【Radius Auth】，然后点击【Save】按钮保存。

comes from features and not Git hashes 3.3. The new Codefresh GitOps dashboard 3.4. Argo CD Integration 3.5. CI/CD pipelines with Codefresh 3.6. Getting started with GitOps 2.0 Introduction through an automated process ● Deployments, tests, and rollbacks controlled through Git flow ● Integration with secrets providers ● No hand-rolled deployments: If you want to change the state you need artifacts are already there. This means that tasks such as… ● Compiling code ● Running unit/integration tests ● Security scanning ● Static analysis ...are not a concern of GitOps tools and are

Pro Consistent Post-Test update of image reference Con Image reference updated in git before integration tests, manage rollback? Inconsistent Con Pipeline tools must be able to wait for sync Application Expose Pipeline Dev metrics in Console ● Add Advanced pipeline templates in Console ● IntelliJ integration with Tekton Hub ● IntelliJ gains Pipeline diagram ● Additional official Tekton catalogs ● App ● Start pipeline wizard in VS Code ● Enhanced validation in VS Code ● Tekton Hub integration in VS Code ● CLI integration for Tekton Hub ● Tekton extension for CodeReady Workspaces ` ECOSYSTEM ● Tekton

applications rapidly 2 Continuous Integration(CI) & Continuous Delivery (CD) 3 Build Test Security Checks Release Deploy Stage Deploy Prod Continuous Integration Continuous Delivery A key DevOps Config Git Repository Kubernetes Deploy Monitor Detect drift Take action CD Continuous Integration & Continuous Delivery 10 Build Test Security Checks Release Deploy Stage Deploy Prod OpenShift isolated containers ● No central server to maintain! No plugin conflicts! ● Task library and integration with Tekton Hub ● Secure pipelines aligned with Kubernetes RBAC ● Visual and IDE-based pipeline

the microservice runs in the cluster. When the developer pushes the code to Git, a continuous integration tool kicks off unit tests that eventually build the Docker container image that gets pushed to code repository Read/write access to configuration repo Read/write access to the continuous integration environment Read/write access to the production cluster Read/write access to container repository

time Affected resources Etc. The GitOps approach also helps to streamline the management of authentication and authorization requirements for infrastructure modification. Since infrastructure is a part