16 Kubernetes Resource Management What Resource are managed? Pod + Namespace Level: • CPU • Units are millicores, 2000m = 2 cores • Memory • Mibibytes, 1000Mi = 1,048,576 bytes Supplemental “Metering” scheduling, running Pods are not affected by quota Limitations CPU measurement is in arbitrary units, not uniform across hosts and is a share not a guarantee 19 Where Resource Management enforcement

16 Kubernetes Resource Management What Resource are managed? Pod + Namespace Level: • CPU • Units are millicores, 2000m = 2 cores • Memory • Mibibytes, 1000Mi = 1,048,576 bytes Supplemental “Metering” scheduling, running Pods are not affected by quota Limitations CPU measurement is in arbitrary units, not uniform across hosts and is a share not a guarantee 19 Where Resource Management enforcement

二是更注重软硬协同，优化性能。在算力多样化、节点高密化、载 体细粒度化等诉求下，底层硬件在云计算的驱动下也因云而变。2022 年 6 月，阿里云发布 CIPU（Cloud infrastructure Processing Units，云 基础设施处理器），其是一套全新的计算架构体系，能够在通用计算、 大数据、人工智能等场景中展现更好的性能。2022 年 12 月，AWS 云计算白皮书（2023 年） 7 发布第五代虚拟化芯片

es.io/docs/tasks/configure- 21-Kubernetes资源分配 93 pod-container/assign-memory-resource/#memory-units k8s的资源分配：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000003506106 21-Kubernetes资源分配 94 Assigning Pods to Nodes（将Pod分配到Node）