. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 17 模块 173 17.1 模块用法摘要 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 模块和文件 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 标准模块 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 默认顶层定义以及裸模块 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 模块的绝对路径和相对路径 . 175 命名空间的相关话题 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 模块初始化和预编译 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 18 文档 179

Diagonal matrix (#30298). • Eigenvalues λ of general matrices are now sorted lexicographically by (Re λ, Im λ) (#21598). • one for structured matrices (Diagonal, Bidiagonal, Tridiagonal, Symtridiagonal) mul�byte representa�on. The correct way for this case is using prevind(s, lastindex(s), 2) or, ifyou're using thatvalue to index into syou canwrite s[prevind(s, end, 2)] and end expands to lastindex(s). "aaaa1aaaa2aaaa3",11) RegexMatch("3") You can extract the following info from a RegexMatch object: • the en�re substring matched: m.match • the captured substrings as an array of strings: m.captures • the offset

Diagonal matrix (#30298). • Eigenvalues λ of general matrices are now sorted lexicographically by (Re λ, Im λ) (#21598). • one for structured matrices (Diagonal, Bidiagonal, Tridiagonal, Symtridiagonal) mul�byte representa�on. The correct way for this case is using prevind(s, lastindex(s), 2) or, ifyou're using thatvalue to index into syou canwrite s[prevind(s, end, 2)] and end expands to lastindex(s). "aaaa1aaaa2aaaa3",11) RegexMatch("3") You can extract the following info from a RegexMatch object: • the en�re substring matched: m.match • the captured substrings as an array of strings: m.captures • the offset

"aaaa1aaaa2aaaa3",11) RegexMatch("3") You can extract the following info from a RegexMatch object: • the en�re substring matched: m.match • the captured substrings as an array of strings: m.captures 74 CHAPTER the nth capture group and prefixing the subs�tu�on string with s. Capture group 0 refers to the en�re match object. Named capture groups can be referenced in the subs�tu�on with \g. For example: println(x < y ? "less than" : "not less than") not less than If the expression x < y is true, the en�re ternary operator expression evaluates to the string "less than" and otherwise it evaluates to the string

"aaaa1aaaa2aaaa3",11) RegexMatch("3") You can extract the following info from a RegexMatch object: • the en�re substring matched: m.match • the captured substrings as an array of strings: m.captures 74 CHAPTER the nth capture group and prefixing the subs�tu�on string with s. Capture group 0 refers to the en�re match object. Named capture groups can be referenced in the subs�tu�on with \g. For example: println(x < y ? "less than" : "not less than") not less than If the expression x < y is true, the en�re ternary operator expression evaluates to the string "less than" and otherwise it evaluates to the string

mul�byte representa�on. The correct way for this case is using prevind(s, lastindex(s), 2) or, ifyou're using thatvalue to index into syou canwrite s[prevind(s, end, 2)] and end expands to lastindex(s). "aaaa1aaaa2aaaa3",11) RegexMatch("3") You can extract the following info from a RegexMatch object: • the en�re substring matched: m.match • the captured substrings as an array of strings: m.captures • the offset the nth capture group and prefixing the subs�tu�on string with s. Capture group 0 refers to the en�re match object. Named capture groups can be referenced in the subs�tu�on with \g. For example:

mul�byte representa�on. The correct way for this case is using prevind(s, lastindex(s), 2) or, ifyou're using thatvalue to index into syou canwrite s[prevind(s, end, 2)] and end expands to lastindex(s). "aaaa1aaaa2aaaa3",11) RegexMatch("3") You can extract the following info from a RegexMatch object: • the en�re substring matched: m.match • the captured substrings as an array of strings: m.captures • the offset the nth capture group and prefixing the subs�tu�on string with s. Capture group 0 refers to the en�re match object. Named capture groups can be referenced in the subs�tu�on with \g. For example:

multibyte representation. The correct way for this case is using prevind(s, lastindex(s), 2) or, if you're using that value to index into s you can write s[prevind(s, end, 2)] and end expands to lastindex(s) expression literal without any options turned on just uses r"...": julia> re = r"^\s*(?:#|$)" r"^\s*(?:#|$)" julia> typeof(re) Regex To check if a regex matches a string, use occursin: julia> occursin(r"^\s*( compilation of specialized version of fib optimized specifically for Int arguments, which is then re-used if fib(7) or fib(15) are called. (There are rare exceptions when an argument-type declaration

multibyte representation. The correct way for this case is using prevind(s, lastindex(s), 2) or, if you're using that value to index into s you can write s[prevind(s, end, 2)] and end expands to lastindex(s) expression literal without any options turned on just uses r"...": julia> re = r"^\s*(?:#|$)" r"^\s*(?:#|$)" julia> typeof(re) Regex To check if a regex matches a string, use occursin: julia> occursin(r"^\s*( compilation of specialized version of fib optimized specifically for Int arguments, which is then re-used if fib(7) or fib(15) are called. (There are rare exceptions when an argument-type declaration

The correct way for this case is using prevind(s,CHAPTER 8. STRINGS 55 lastindex(s), 2) or, if you're using that value to index into s you can write s[prevind(s, end, 2)] and end expands to lastindex(s) expression literal without any options turned on just uses r"...": julia> re = r"^\s*(?:#|$)" r"^\s*(?:#|$)" julia> typeof(re) Regex To check if a regex matches a string, use occursin: julia> occursin(r"^\s*( compilation of specialized version of fib optimized specifically for Int arguments, which is then re-used if fib(7) or fib(15) are called. (There are rare exceptions when an argument-type declaration