database language. Firebird conforms closely with international standards for SQL, from data type support, data storage structures, referential integrity mechanisms, to data manipulation capabilities and existing documentation. Once the code base had been forked by its owners for private, commercial development, it became clear that the open source, non-commercial Firebird community would never be granted and the PSQL used for server-based programming. The leader of the Firebird Project’s documentation team, Paul Vinkenoog, took up the cause for documenting the huge volume of improvements and additions

database language. Firebird conforms closely with international standards for SQL, from data type support, data storage structures, referential integrity mechanisms, to data manipulation capabilities and 10 largest exchange platforms for trading derivatives. IBSurgeon (ibase.ru) (Russia) Technical support and developer of administrator tools for the Firebird DBMS. 1.5. Contributing There are several and INT128 data types are used for integers of various precision in Dialect 3. Firebird does not support an unsigned integer data type. 3.1.1. SMALLINT The 16-bit SMALLINT data type is for compact data

performance in case of a small number of multiple connections that do not influence each other. No SMP support. On multi-processor Windows ma- chines, performance can even drop dramatically as the OS switches will be started automatically. The non-server Windows platforms – Windows 95, 98 and ME – do not support services. The install- ation will start Firebird server as an application, protected by another application Windows kits installed the InterBase Manager applet into the Control Panel of operating systems that support services. It was omitted from Firebird 1.0 because a number of Firebird-specific “Firebird [Server]

needs access rights to the database file. Local connections On Windows, both architectures now support safe and reliable local connec- tions, with only the server process requiring access rights to the performance in case of a small number of connections that do not influ- ence each other. No SMP support. On multi-processor Win- dows machines, performance can even drop dramatically as the OS switches download packages start with FirebirdSS, Classic packages with FirebirdCS. For Windows, there is a combined installation package; you choose the architecture during the installation process. Embedded Server

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. NULL support in Firebird SQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Table of Contents 3 Chapter 1. What is NULL? Time and again, support questions pop up on the Firebird mailing lists about “strange things” happening with NULLs. The for the fields to become anything other than NULL. Chapter 1. What is NULL? 5 Chapter 2. NULL support in Firebird SQL Only a few language elements are purposely designed to give an unambiguous result

PROJ_DESC BLOB SUB_TYPE 1, TEAM_LEADER EMPNO, PRODUCT PRODTYPE, CONSTRAINT PK_PROJECT PRIMARY KEY (PROJ_ID) USING INDEX IDX_PROJ_ID, FOREIGN KEY (TEAM_LEADER) REFERENCES EMPLOYEE FROM shot_putters WHERE region = 'Africa'); SELECT id, name FROM players WHERE team_id = (SELECT id FROM teams WHERE name = 'Buffaloes'); SELECT SUM (population) целого в диалекте 3. -104 336003077 sql_db_dialect_dtype_unsupport Database SQL dialect @1 does not support reference to @2 datatype. База данных SQL с диалектом @1 не поддерживает ссылку на @2 тип данных

possible in Firebird to provide an alias in an update statement, many other database vendors do not support it. These SQL statement syntaxes provide better interchangeability with other SQL database products At install time, your choice is most likely to be whether to use Classic or Superserver. For development, there's nothing in it. For testing and deployment, the choice may be more important. Superserver's only one system user exclusively, which makes it impossible to use in many integrated application development environments. 14 Chapter 3 Installing on Windows Please read the previous chapters before you

Firebird 5.0. The legacy connection method sends passwords over the wire unencrypted, does not support wire protocol encryption, and also limits Chapter 3. Installing Firebird 8 (truncates!) the usable ib_util.dll $(install) Client connection libraries fbclient.dll (with an optional gds32.dll, to support legacy apps) $(install) (with an optional copy in %windir%\System32 — see note below table) Some user proof). Chapter 5. Server configuration and management 24 2. Win_Sspi (Windows Security Support Provider Interface): The user is logged in automatically with their Windows account name. Wire encryption

Access Layer Various database development libraries interrogate metadata, such as primary key, domain and similar structural information, in order to make development of client applications easier. strong encryption. Perhaps the encryption is strong but, unless the key management is in place to support this feature, the encryption is not going to achieve the desired effect. It may encourage you to commented on this article. I would also like to thank the many people that contribute to the Firebird support list, which is the source of much of the information that appears in this article. Chapter 11.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 10.1.4. Combined Garbage Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . commandline options will be required. These are -⁠u[ser] and -⁠pa[ssword], or -⁠tru[sted]. Optionally combined with -⁠role. These can be supplied for every command as parameters on the commandline, or can be setting the GCPOLICY parameter in the firebird.conf configuration file. By default, Super Server uses combined while Classic Server uses cooperative. The other option is background.  Classic Server ignores