. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4. Command Line Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . text-mode client tool located in the bin directory of the Firebird installation. It provides a command line interface for interactive access to a Firebird database. It accepts DSQL statements along with a The isql utility can be used in three modes: as an interactive session; directly from the command line; and as a non-interactive session, using a shell script or batch file. Different tasks may be performed

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Command-line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nbackup utility which is described in another document. In this manual, we will discuss: • Command-line options for gbak. • gbak commands and their parameters. • Running gbak in backup or restore modes Command-line Options 2.1. Common Options When running gbak in backup or restore mode, there are a number of options which apply to either mode. These are: -? This switch displays the command line options

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . changes to their databases. Almost all the gfix commands have the same format when typed on the command line: gfix [commands and parameters] database_name The commands and their options are described in the file added. Coming up in the remainder of this manual, we will discuss the following: • Command line options for the gfix database utility. • Shadow file handling. • Cache and buffer handling. • Transaction

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SYSDBA username and password and/or are logged in as a privileged user. Like most of the command line utilities supplied with Firebird, gsec can be run in interactive or batch mode and has a help screen that a little later on. In the remainder of this manual we shall discuss the following: • Command line options for gsec. • Gsec commands and their parameters. Chapter 1. Introduction 2 • Running gsec

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Gsplit Command line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to be 4 Gb. Coming up in the remainder of this manual, we will discuss the following: • Command line options for gsplit. • Gsplit options and their parameters. • Splitting backups using gsplit. • make gsplit work for you. Chapter 1. Introduction 2 Chapter 2. Gsplit Command line Options Gsplit has three command line options, although, strictly speaking, the -help option isn’t really valid. These

addressed in this volume. This document does not cover configuration of Firebird, Firebird command-line tools, nor its programming APIs. 1.2. Authorship For the Firebird 4.0 version, the Firebird 3.0 ESQL. Interactive ISQL refers to the language that can be executed using Firebird isql, the command-line application for accessing databases interactively. As a regular client application, its native language and in-line. Syntax ::= | line comment> ::= /* [ …] */ line comment> ::= -- [ …]line> Block

covered most of the rest. Fortunately for Firebird users over the years, both have been easy to find on-line as PDF books. 1.2.1. Language Reference Updates The Data Definition Guide, covering the creation ESQL. Interactive ISQL refers to the language that can be executed using Firebird isql, the command-line application for accessing databases interactively. As a regular client application, its native language types of comments: block and in-line. Syntax ::= | line comment> ::= /* [ …] */ line comment> ::= -- [

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The Firebird server executable. • A client library located on the server machine. • The command-line tools. • The standard user-defined function libraries. • A sample database. • The C header files ) C:\Program Files\Firebird Firebird server ibserver.exe (SS only) \bin Command-line tools gbak.exe, gfix.exe, gstat.exe, etc. \bin Sample database employee.gdb \ex- /opt/interbase Firebird server ibserver (SS) or gds_inet_server (CS) /bin Command-line tools gbak, gfix, gstat, etc. /bin Sample database employee.gdb /ex- amples

isql and then exiting actually executes 4 separate transactions. We can see at the end of the last line that one byte has changed from 0x00 to 0xff and with 2 bits per transaction, that equates to 4 separate unfragmented records. struct rhd { SLONG rhd_transaction; SLONG rhd_b_page; USHORT rhd_b_line; USHORT rhd_flags; UCHAR rhd_format; UCHAR rhd_data[1]; }; /* Record header for fragmented rhdf_transaction; SLONG rhdf_b_page; USHORT rhdf_b_line; USHORT rhdf_flags; UCHAR rhdf_format; SLONG rhdf_f_page; USHORT rhdf_f_line; UCHAR rhdf_data[1]; }; Both headers are identical

Firebird server: • The Firebird server executable. • One or more client libraries. • The command-line tools. • The standard user-defined function libraries. • A sample database. • The C header files (not /doc Firebird server fbserver (SS) or fb_inet_ server (CS) /bin Command-line tools isql, gbak, nbackup, gsec, gfix, gstat, etc. /bin Sample database employee.fdb \doc Firebird server fbserver.exe (SS) or fb_in- et_server.exe (CS) \bin Command-line tools isql.exe, gbak.exe, nback- up.exe, gsec.exe, gfix.exe, gstat.exe, etc. \bin Sample