......................................................................................... 21 What Now? ................................................................................................. Running Multiple Instances The configuration parameter CreateInternalWindow in firebird.conf is now deprecated. You no longer need to disable it if you need to run multiple instances of Firebird simultaneously implementation. • User accounts can now be configured only by using the Services API or the gsec utility. • For backing up the security database, the Services API is now the only route. You can employ the

process needs access rights to the database file. Local connections On Windows, both architectures now support safe and reliable local connec- tions, with only the server process requiring access rights Firebird components on a 64-bit Windows system. (Incidentally, WOW stands for Windows on Windows. Now you can also work out what LOL means.) Installing Firebird The instructions given below for the installation start the Guardian or server once explicitly via the Start menu even if you opted for “Start Firebird now” at the end of the installation process. Sometimes a reboot is necessary. If you're desperately trying

CURRENT_TIME CURRENT_TIMESTAMP CURRENT_TRANSACTION CURRENT_USER DELETING GDSCODE INSERTING NEW 'NOW' OLD ROW_COUNT SQLCODE SQLSTATE UPDATING 12. Операторы и предикаты Разрешено использование APP_DATE, APP_TIME) VALUES (973, 8804, DATE 'today' + 2, TIME '16:00') NEW.LASTMOD = TIMESTAMP 'now'; Примечание: Обратите внимание, что эти сокращённые выражения вычисляются сразу же во время выполнению. Таким образом, даже если запрос выполняется несколько раз, значение, например, для “timestamp 'now'” не изменится, независимо от того, сколько времени проходит. Если вам нужно получать нарастающее

WAL is no longer used. The field was converted to be the SCN number to avoid an ODS change and is now used by nbackup. pag_reserved Four bytes, unsigned. Bytes 0x0c - 0x0f. Reserved for future use. It Transaction Inventory Page — Type 0x03 16 000a0034 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 Now, if a new transaction starts we won’t see any changes because a live transaction and one that has for this table. In the above example, there is only one pointer page for the EMPLOYEE table. If we now hexdump the pointer page for the employee table, we see the following: 000b4000 04 01 39 30 02 00

examples in this guide were taken from the Firebird Quick Start Guide, first published by IBPhoenix, now part of the Firebird Project. 1.1. NULL as a default state Because NULL means “value unknown”, it of the IN predicate, except that the operator may now be something other than ‘=’. The second is different but has the same general form. We can now work out how nullness of A and/or nullness of subselect expression “NULL > 0” returns NULL. SELECT Farmer, Cows FROM Farms WHERE NOT (Cows > 0) ORDER BY Cows Now, it’s tempting to think that this will return “all the other records” from the Farms table, right?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377 9.12. 'NOW' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Precision from seconds to milliseconds can be specified with CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (0|1|2|3) • Literal 'NOW': milliseconds precision • Functions DATEADD() and DATEDIFF() support up to milliseconds precision MM

DD[

YY[

HH[

mm[

SS[

NNNN]]]]] | DD

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mm[

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NNNN]]]]] | NOW | TODAY | TOMORROW | YESTERDAY } ::= { [YYYY

]MM

DD | MM

DD[

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........................................................................................... 398 'NOW' ................................................................................................. до миллисекунд может быть указана следующим образом CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (0 | 1 | 2 | 3) • Литерал 'NOW' имеет точность до миллисекунд; • Функции DATEADD и DATEDIFF поддерживают точность до десятых долей >SS[

NNNN]]]]] | Типы данных 51 DD

MM[

YY[

HH[

mm[

SS[

NNNN]]]]] | NOW | TODAY | TOMORROW | YERSTERDAY } ::= { [YYYY

]MM

DD

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545 11.14. 'NOW' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . milliseconds can be specified with CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (0|1|2|3) or LOCALTIMESTAMP (0|1|2|3) • Literal 'NOW' defaults to milliseconds precision • Functions DATEADD() and — since Firebird 4.0.1 — DATEDIFF() formats (see Datetime Format Syntax), Table 16. Predefined Datetime Mnemonics Literal Description 'NOW' Current date and time 'TODAY' Current date 'TOMORROW' Current date + 1 (day) 'YESTERDAY' Current

you may have your own specific considerations. When in doubt, just follow the installer default for now. Changing the server mode later can be done via the configuration file firebird.conf and requires installation. If you didn’t opt to start the server at the end of the installation process, you may do so now by right-clicking on the Firebird entry (or the Guardian) and choosing Start. Server check: Windows start the Guardian or server once explicitly via the Start menu even if you opted for “Start Firebird now” at the end of the installation process. Sometimes a reboot is necessary. You can shut the server

"/home/norman/firebird/shadow/my_employee.shd2" manual ... SQL> quit; It can be seen that the database now has two separate shadow files created, but as they are manual, they have not been activated. We can Owner: SYSDBA Shadow 1: "/home/norman/firebird/shadow/my_employee.shd1" manual ... The database now has a single shadow file where before it had two. It is noted, however, that gstat still shows the strange result, if I subsequently DROP SHADOW 1 and COMMIT, to remove the remaining shadow file, gstat now shows that the shadow count has gone up to three when it should have gone down to zero! Chapter 4