adequate (10-50%) amount of free space available on a node. For disk fault tolerance and data redundancy, there are two reasonable approaches: • Use RAID0 on your data volume and rely on Cassandra replication practice than putting the commit log on the root volume (which is also a shared resource). For data redundancy, consider deploying your Cassandra cluster across multiple availability zones or using EBS volumes the data model is usually designed up front with the goal of normalizing the data to minimize redundancy. Normalization typically involves creating smaller, well-structured tables and then defining relationships