Linux shells, we can redirect the command output to a file, or as input to another command. The pipe operator | is the most common way to do so. Using this we can now count the number of directories in the hutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User: marked in the /etc/passwd file. For example: mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:

Linux shells, we can redirect the command output to a file, or as input to another command. The pipe operator | is the most common way to do so. Using this we can now count the number of directories in the hutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User: marked in the /etc/passwd file. For example: mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:

support Official Cilium repositories Update cilium-builder and cilium-runtime images Nightly Docker image Code Overview High-level Cilium Hubble Important common packages Debugging toFQDNs and DNS Debugging Guarantees API Reference Internals Hubble internals Hubble Architecture Cilium Operator Highly Available Cilium Operator CRD Registration IPAM KVStore operations Identity garbage collection CiliumEndpoint examples: Command Reference cilium-agent cilium cilium-health cilium-operator cilium-operator-aws cilium-operator-azure cilium-operator-generic Key-Value Store Key-Value Store Layout Leases Debugging

using the cilium-etcd-operator. The cilium-etcd-operator replaces the requirement for an external kvstore. You can learn more about it in the sec�on What is the cilium-etcd-operator? It is suitable for small 1.9 Linux kernel >= 4.9 Kubernetes in CNI mode Running kube-dns/coredns (When using the etcd-operator installa�on method) Mounted BPF filesystem mounted on all worker nodes Enable PodCIDR alloca�on Deploy Cilium + cilium-etcd-operator The following all-in-one YAML will deploy all required components to bring up Cilium including an etcd cluster managed by the cilium-etcd-operator. Note It is important

support Official Cilium repositories Update cilium-builder and cilium-runtime images Nightly Docker image Image Building Process Code Overview High-level Cilium Hubble Important common packages Debugging Guarantees API Reference Internals Hubble internals Hubble Architecture Cilium Operator Highly Available Cilium Operator CRD Registration IPAM KVStore operations Identity garbage collection CiliumEndpoint examples: Command Reference cilium-agent cilium cilium-health cilium-operator cilium-operator-aws cilium-operator-azure cilium-operator-generic Key-Value Store Key-Value Store Layout Leases Debugging

Kubernetes Endpoint Lifecycle Troubleshooting Monitoring & Metrics Installation cilium-agent cilium-operator Troubleshooting Component & Cluster Health Connectivity Problems Policy Troubleshooting Symptom Command examples: Kubernetes examples: Command Reference cilium-agent cilium cilium-health cilium-operator Key-Value Store Key-Value Store Layout Leases Debugging Further Reading Related Material Presentations --watch NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE cilium-operator-cb4578bc5-q52qk 0/1 Pending 0 8s cilium-s8w5m

Developer images Official release images Update cilium-builder and cilium-runtime images Nightly Docker image Code Overview High-level Cilium Hubble Important common packages Debugging toFQDNs and DNS Debugging examples: Command Reference cilium-agent cilium cilium-health cilium-operator cilium-operator-aws cilium-operator-azure cilium-operator-generic Key-Value Store Key-Value Store Layout Leases Debugging --watch NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE cilium-operator-cb4578bc5-q52qk 0/1 Pending 0 8s cilium-s8w5m

the log output Configuration Core Agent Monitoring & Metrics Installation cilium-agent cilium-operator Troubleshooting Component & Cluster Health Connectivity Problems Policy Troubleshooting Symptom Developer images Official release images Update cilium-builder and cilium-runtime images Nightly Docker image Release Management Organization Release tracking Release Cadence Backporting process Backport Command examples: Kubernetes examples: Command Reference cilium-agent cilium cilium-health cilium-operator Key-Value Store Key-Value Store Layout Leases Debugging Further Reading Related Material Presentations

which are based on usage, stability, and maintenance status. Software Package Repositories EPOL Image EUR/oepkgs/... Desktop/SDS/ DB/Big data/... kernel/glibc/ system/GCC/... Core/Base package repository performs the mounting operation in a specific directory on the host, which can adapt to the container image overlay scenario. The offloaded management-plane process can construct a working directory for the leverages Kubernetes' CRD+Operator extension mechanism to create custom resources for OSs. This enables the OS to be treated as a Kubernetes resource, monitored by the OS-Operator and OS-Proxy within the

........................................................................ 15 Querying the System Image Version ......................................................................................... ...................................................................... 18 Installing the System Image ................................................................................................. ........................................................................ 54 Querying the System Image Version .........................................................................................