Mathematical Operations and Elementary Functions 55 17.1 Arithmetic Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 17.2 Bitwise Operators . . . . . . . . . . Lisp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460 54 Unicode Input 461 IV Base 463 55 Essentials 465 55.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . promotion system. Here are some simple examples using arithmetic operators: julia> 1 + 2 + 3 6 55 56 CHAPTER 17. MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS AND ELEMENTARY FUNCTIONS julia> 1 - 2 -1 julia> 3*2/12

. . . . 54 13 Complex and Ra�onal Numbers 55 13.1 Complex Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 13.2 Ra�onal Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 629 54 Strings 633 55 Arrays 661 55.1 Constructors and Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9606644595719im julia> (-1 + 2im)^(1 + 1im) -0.27910381075826657 + 0.08708053414102428im julia> 3(2 - 5im) 55 56 CHAPTER 13. COMPLEX AND RATIONAL NUMBERS 6 - 15im julia> 3(2 - 5im)^2 -63 - 60im julia> 3(2

. . . . 54 13 Complex and Ra�onal Numbers 55 13.1 Complex Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 13.2 Ra�onal Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647 54 Strings 651 55 Arrays 681 55.1 Constructors and Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9606644595719im julia> (-1 + 2im)^(1 + 1im) -0.27910381075826657 + 0.08708053414102428im julia> 3(2 - 5im) 55 56 CHAPTER 13. COMPLEX AND RATIONAL NUMBERS 6 - 15im julia> 3(2 - 5im)^2 -63 - 60im julia> 3(2

. . . . 54 13 Complex and Ra�onal Numbers 55 13.1 Complex Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 13.2 Ra�onal Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627 54 Strings 631 55 Arrays 659 55.1 Constructors and Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9606644595719im julia> (-1 + 2im)^(1 + 1im) -0.27910381075826657 + 0.08708053414102428im julia> 3(2 - 5im) 55 56 CHAPTER 13. COMPLEX AND RATIONAL NUMBERS 6 - 15im julia> 3(2 - 5im)^2 -63 - 60im julia> 3(2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Sign and absolute value func�ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Powers, logs and roots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Trigonometric and hyperbolic func�ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Special func�ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and BigInts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649 55 Strings 653 56 Arrays 683 56.1 Constructors and Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Sign and absolute value func�ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Powers, logs and roots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Trigonometric and hyperbolic func�ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Special func�ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and BigInts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651 55 Strings 655 56 Arrays 685 56.1 Constructors and Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . 54 13 Complex and Rational Numbers 55 13.1 Complex Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 13.2 Rational Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . BigFloats and BigInts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 670 55 Strings 673 56 Arrays 703 56.1 Constructors and Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9606644595719im julia> (-1 + 2im)^(1 + 1im) -0.27910381075826657 + 0.08708053414102428im julia> 3(2 - 5im) 55 56 CHAPTER 13. COMPLEX AND RATIONAL NUMBERS 6 - 15im julia> 3(2 - 5im)^2 -63 - 60im julia> 3(2

. . . . 54 13 Complex and Rational Numbers 55 13.1 Complex Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 13.2 Rational Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . BigFloats and BigInts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668 55 Strings 671 56 Arrays 701 56.1 Constructors and Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9606644595719im julia> (-1 + 2im)^(1 + 1im) -0.27910381075826657 + 0.08708053414102428im julia> 3(2 - 5im) 55 56 CHAPTER 13. COMPLEX AND RATIONAL NUMBERS 6 - 15im julia> 3(2 - 5im)^2 -63 - 60im julia> 3(2

. . . . 54 13 Complex and Rational Numbers 55 13.1 Complex Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 13.2 Rational Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . BigFloats and BigInts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 670 55 Strings 673 56 Arrays 703 56.1 Constructors and Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9606644595719im julia> (-1 + 2im)^(1 + 1im) -0.27910381075826657 + 0.08708053414102428im julia> 3(2 - 5im) 55 56 CHAPTER 13. COMPLEX AND RATIONAL NUMBERS 6 - 15im julia> 3(2 - 5im)^2 -63 - 60im julia> 3(2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 841 54 Iteration utilities 843 55 C Interface 852 56 LLVM Interface 863 57 C Standard Library 864 58 StackTraces 867 59 SIMD Support within the string. x Tells the regular expression parser to ignore most whitespace CHAPTER 7. STRINGS 55 that is neither backslashed nor within a character class. You can use this to break up your regular local end return s # same local end sum_to (generic function with 1 method) julia> sum_to(10) 55 julia> s # global ERROR: UndefVarError: s not defined Since s is local to the function sum_to, calling